Ammonia is one of the most important contaminants impairing the quality of water resources. When this is considered along with the fact that the global demand for nitrogenous fertilizers is in constant rise, the need for ...

The removal of ammonium (NH(4)(+)) and phosphate (PO(4)(3-)) from supernatant of anaerobic digestion by magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) formation was Studied. To be able to find out the loss of NH(4)(+) by its transformation ...

A Pyro-electric Infrared (FIR) sensor based flame detection system is proposed using a Markovian decision algorithm. A differential PIR sensor is only sensitive to sudden temperature variations within its viewing range and ...