In a turbulent biological tissue, field correlations at the observation plane are found when a multimode optical incidence is used. For different multimode structures, variations of the multimode field correlations are ...

The fluctuation in the intensity, which is quantified by the scintillation index, is evaluated for cross beams when such beams propagate in an underwater medium experiencing turbulence. The variations in the scintillation ...

For an optical spherical wave propagating in an oceanic turbulent medium, the effect of anisotropy on the received intensity fluctuations is investigated. For different anisotropy factors, the variations of the scintillation ...

Atmospheric turbulence is one of the significant phenomena that degrades the free space optical (FSO) communications system performance, and thus designers need to define the requirements related to turbulence and optimize ...

The effects of the multimode content in a laser beam on the angle-of-arrival fluctuations are examined for free space optics (FSO) access systems. Multimode excitation is represented by coherent addition of Hermite-Gaussian ...

The impacts of underwater turbulence on the average optical transmittance are investigated when optical cosine-Gaussian and optical cosine-hyperbolic-Gaussian (cosh-Gaussian) beam propagate in weakly turbulent underwater ...

The parameters composing oceanic turbulence are the wavelength, link length, rate of dissipation of kinetic energy per unit mass of fluid, rate of dissipation of mean-squared temperature, Kolmogorov microscale, and the ...

Free-space optical communication (FSOC) systems are nowadays integrated with fiber optical components developed for fiber-optic communications. In such integrated systems, the collected portion of the incident beam on the ...

Turbulence affects optical propagation, and, as a result, the intensity is attenuated along the path of propagation. The attenuation becomes significant when the turbulence becomes stronger. Transmittance is a measure ...