This paper is devoted to investigate, from the numerical point of view, fractional-order Gegenbauer functions to solve fractional variational problems and fractional optimal control problems. We first introduce an orthonormal ...

In this article, we introduce a numerical technique for solving a general form of the fractional optimal control problem. Fractional derivatives are described in the Caputo sense. Using the properties of the shifted Jacobi ...

This paper reports a new numerical approach for numerically solving types of fractional variational problems. In our approach, we use the fractional integrals operational matrix, described in the sense of Riemann-Liouville, ...