Introduction: Coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic is the defining global health crisis of our time and the greatest challenge we have faced since world war two. To describe this disease mathematically, we noted that COVID-19, ...

In this paper, the general nonlinear multi-strain Tuberculosis model is controlled using the merits of Jacobi spectral collocation method. In order to have a variety of accurate results to simulate the reality, a fractional ...

The objective of this paper is to study the optimal control problem for the fractional tuberculosis (TB) infection model including the impact of diabetes and resistant strains. The governed model consists of 14 fractional-order ...