The source and receiver plane characteristics of flat topped (FT) beam propagating in turbulent atmosphere are investigated. To this end, source size, beam power and M(2) factor of source plane FT beam are derived. For a ...

A tensor method is used to formulate the on-axis scintillation index for an elliptical Gaussian beam (EGB; astigmatic Gaussian beam) propagating in a weak turbulent atmosphere. Variations of the on-axis scintillation of ...

In a strongly turbulent medium, the scintillation index of flat-topped Gaussian beams is derived and evaluated. In the formulation, unified solution of Rytov method is utilized. Our results correctly reduce to the existing ...

The scintillation index, arising from the intensity fluctuations in weak atmospheric turbulence of annular beams whose individual components are incoherent, is formulated. For such beams whose annularities are obtained by ...