Novel numerical investigation of the fractional oncolytic effectiveness model with M1 virus via generalized fractional derivative with optimal criterion

Abstract

Oncolytic virotherapy is an efficacious chemotherapeutic agent that addresses and eliminates cancerous tissues by employing recombinant infections. M1 is a spontaneously produced oncolytic alphavirus with exceptional specificity and powerful activity in individual malignancies. The objective of this paper is to develop and assess a novel fractional differential equation (FDEs)-based mathematical formalism that captures the mechanisms of oncogenic M1 immunotherapy. The aforesaid framework is demonstrated with the aid of persistence, originality, non-negativity, and stability of systems. Additionally, we also examine all conceivable steady states and the requirements that must exist for them to occur. We also investigate the global stability of these equilibria and the characteristics that induce them to be unstable. Furthermore, the Atangana–Baleanu fractional-order derivative is employed to generalize a treatment of the cancer model. This novel type of derivative furnishes us with vital understanding regarding parameters that are widely used in intricate mechanisms. The Picard–Lindelof approach is implemented to investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the fractional cancer treatment system, and Picard's stability approach is used to address governing equations. The findings reveal that the system is more accurate when the fractional derivative is implemented, demonstrating that the behaviour of the cancer treatment can be interpreted when non-local phenomena are included in the system. Furthermore, numerical results for various configurations of the system are provided to exemplify the established simulation.